Churn



(No Model.)

G. F. ROBERTSON & W. D. GAMMON.

GHURN.

No. 403,140. PatentedMa-y 14, 1889.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE FRANCIS ROBERTSON AND WILLIAM DULANEY GAMMON, OF MORRISTOIVN, TENNESSEE.

CHURN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 403,140, dated May 14, 1889.

Application filed March 5, 1888.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, GEORGE FRANCIS ROB- ERTSON and WILLIAM DULANEY GAMMON, citizens of the United States, residing at Morristown, in the county of Hamblen and State of Tennessee, have invented new and useful Improvements in Ohurns, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to improvements in working body churns; and it consists in certain novel features, hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawin gs, and specifically pointed out in the claim.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a churn embodying the invention. Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section thereof, illustrating one manner of operating the churn; and Fig. 3, a like section showing another manner of operating the churn.

Referring by letter to the drawings, A designates the supporting-frame of the churn, composed of the base-board a and the two opposite similar standards a a.

B is the churn-body, consisting of a long box or case rectangular in cross-section, and having its cords b b semicircular vertically in contour. The said body is suspended by the loops 0, secured centrally to the upper portion of its sides, and the hooks c, secured to the inner sides of the standard, near the upper ends thereof.

D is a central opening in the roof or top of the body, surrounded by a vertical flange, d,

and d is a detachable lid provided with a ball on top and with its depending flange fitting tightly within the flange d.

E E are circular loops or sleeves at each end of the body, which loops or sleeves are situated adjoining the sides in the central transverse line of the ends, and are connected at each end by a metal band, e, made concave on its inner side, so that the said sleeves and bands can receive and hold the reduced ends of the handles F, by means of which a person while sitting and holding a handle can rock or oscillate the body longitudinally.

G is a compartment situated just above the floor of the body and made by the centrallybent false bottom or partition g, having curved ends. The said false bottom g, forming the partition, extends about from end to end of the Serial No. 266,188- (No model.)

floor, and has upward-curved ends to direct the cream into a vortex, as hereinafter fully described, and its central portion intermediate of its curved ends is triangular in longitudinal section, and its apex g is situated about one-third of the height of the body above the floor. This false bottom g may be placed in any form of churn to direct the cream, as hereinafter set forth, and to provide a compartment between it and the bottom of the churn. The said compartment is for the purpose of holding water at any desired temperature to heat or cool the cream to the proper degree, the water being introduced through the half-funnel H, attached to one side of the body and opening at its lower end into the chamber or compartment G, as shown.

I is a thermometer attached to the side of the body to indicate the temperature of the cream, and J is a glass setinto the top of the churn on one side of the door for the purpose of noticing the result of the churning without opening the door.

hen the churning is finished, the milk is drawn through the opening K in one end of the body, the flange of which is threaded to engage the screw-cap 70. L is a similar opening near the opposite end, communicating with the water-chamber and closed by the screw-cap Z.

The churn may be oscillated either rapidly or slowly, the latter being preferable. After motion in each direction the churn should be held at rest fora short time to permit the vortex at the corresponding end to complete itself.

When the churn-body is oscillated rapidly, the cream shoots off the apex of the watercompartment and, striking the curved ends of the bottom, which is concave internally, is directed by said ends into a downward vortex, as shown in Fig. 2.

When the body is oscillated slowly, the cream runs down theincline of the false bot torn from the apex of the Water-compartment,

and is directed by the curved ends into an upward vortex. In both ways the butt-er can be formed; but the last-described method is pref- I erable, as it entails less labor.

The body is constructed of any desirable material, preferably sheet metal.

To collect the butter, a very gentle motion,

IOO

sufiicient only to cause a slight ripple on the surface of the cream, is given to the body, occasionally increasing the motion to permit the cream to pass from one end to the other of the body. The butter then collects in a roll at one end, and, if desired,it may be discharged similarly to the buttermilk. By means of the water-compartn1ent the cream maybe warmed or cooled without being diluted. The body may be suspended between two trees or posts near enough together.

It will be observed upon reference to the drawings that in our churn the use of breakers and dashers is dispensed with, thereby leaving the interior of the body entirely open and unobstructed for the reception of the cream. The churning is accomplished entirely in the vortex, and the butter forms in a roll.

GEORGE FRANCIS ROBERTSON.- WILLIAM DULANEY GAMMON.

Witnesses:

JOHN BORZELTON FILMORE Dion, WILLIAM THs. MARSH. 

